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first-order infinitesimal

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  • Infinitesimal transformation — In mathematics, an infinitesimal transformation is a limiting form of small transformation. For example one may talk about an infinitesimal rotation of a rigid body, in three dimensional space. This is conventionally represented by a 3 times;3… …   Wikipedia

  • Infinitesimal — Infinitesimals (from a 17th century Modern Latin coinage infinitesimus , originally referring to the infinite th member of a series) have been used to express the idea of objects so small that there is no way to see them or to measure them. For… …   Wikipedia

  • Order of integration (calculus) — For the summary statistic in time series, see Order of integration. Topics in Calculus Fundamental theorem Limits of functions Continuity Mean value theorem Differential calculus  Derivative Change of variables Implicit differentiati …   Wikipedia

  • Differential (infinitesimal) — For other uses of differential in calculus, see differential (calculus), and for more general meanings, see differential. In calculus, a differential is traditionally an infinitesimally small change in a variable. For example, if x is a variable …   Wikipedia

  • Infinitely near point — In mathematics, the notion of infinitely near points was initially part of the intuitive foundations of differential calculus. In the simplest terms, two points which lie at an infinitesimal distance apart are considered infinitely near.… …   Wikipedia

  • Grothendieck connection — In algebraic geometry and synthetic differential geometry, a Grothendieck connection is a way of viewing connections in terms of descent data from infinitesimal neighbourhoods of the diagonal.Introduction and motivationThe Grothendieck connection …   Wikipedia

  • Hyperreal number — *R redirects here. For R*, see Rockstar Games. The system of hyperreal numbers represents a rigorous method of treating the infinite and infinitesimal quantities. The hyperreals, or nonstandard reals, *R, are an extension of the real numbers R… …   Wikipedia

  • solids, mechanics of — ▪ physics Introduction       science concerned with the stressing (stress), deformation (deformation and flow), and failure of solid materials and structures.       What, then, is a solid? Any material, fluid or solid, can support normal forces.… …   Universalium

  • Cnoidal wave — US Army bombers flying over near periodic swell in shallow water, close to the Panama coast (1933). The sharp crests and very flat troughs are characteristic for cnoidal waves. In fluid dynamics, a cnoidal wave is a nonlinear and exact periodic… …   Wikipedia

  • Rotation matrix — In linear algebra, a rotation matrix is a matrix that is used to perform a rotation in Euclidean space. For example the matrix rotates points in the xy Cartesian plane counterclockwise through an angle θ about the origin of the Cartesian… …   Wikipedia

  • Path integral formulation — This article is about a formulation of quantum mechanics. For integrals along a path, also known as line or contour integrals, see line integral. The path integral formulation of quantum mechanics is a description of quantum theory which… …   Wikipedia

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